September 11th Anniversary

Today, Director John Ratcliffe declassified 71 President's Daily Brief (PDB) products in commemoration of the 25th anniversary of the September 11th terrorist attacks, and consistent with President Donald Trump's historic transparency initiative.

This collection represents the Agency's single largest release of declassified CIA PDB products related to 9/11, providing unprecedented transparency on America's most sensitive intelligence publication from the years before and the day after one of the darkest moments in our history.  The products trace the story of CIA analysts' evolving understanding of al-Qa'ida and efforts to highlight and warn of Usama Bin Ladin's attack plotting despite sparse, vague, and imperfect information.

-- Statement by the Central Intelligence Agency, "CIA Releases President's Daily Briefs in Commemoration of the 25th Anniversary of 9/11" with links to "71 Declassified 9/11 related President's Daily Brief products" available for download as PDFs (11 September 2026)

A Unique Failure

At the six month mark of this war, the Wall Street Journal had reporting that in the walk up to this war, the extent to which the President's intelligence apparatus all told him of all the things that ended up happening, planning that the leadership of Iran would become more radical, that they would use the Strait of Hormuz, that they would target bases all over the Middle east and that there would be a dangerous drawdown and a stretching of readiness which was already in bad shape.  All of that came to pass.  And what struck me as I was thinking about this is that in the history of US national security blunders, when we think about them, you know, Bay of Pigs, Vietnam, Iraq War, not connecting the dots before 9/11, those were institutional failures in addition to presidential failures.  In this case, because the President basically went with his gut and in contravention of a lot of the intelligence he was getting, this is a kind of unique Donald Trumpian failure.  He was elected because he said, my gut is better than any other human on the planet in assessing whatever happens to be before me.  And the decision making tree here was exactly as he wanted it to be.  And so in a way, this presidential decision on Iran is more circumscribed around the man himself than these other instances. ...  I think that is unique in American history.

-- John Dickerson (6 July 1968 -), American journalist, contributing writer at The Atlantic, and past co-anchor of CBS Evening News, speaking on the Slate Political Gabfest podcast (27 August 2026)

It Is Youth

Older men declare war.  But it is youth that must fight and die.  And it is youth who must inherit the tribulation, the sorrow, and the triumphs that are the aftermath of war.

-- Herbert Hoover (1874 - 1964), 31st president of the United States, Speech in Chicago, Illinois to the 23rd Republican national convention (27 June 1944)

Surrounded

We've been looking for the enemy for some time now.  We've finally found him.  We're surrounded.  That simplifies things.

-- Lieutenant General Lewis Burwell "Chesty" Puller (1898 - 1971), US Marine officer.  He is the most decorated United States Marine, and one of two US servicemen to be awarded five Navy Crosses and one Army Distinguished Service Cross, message sent during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir (December 1950), as quoted in Breakout: The Chosin Reservoir Campaign Korea, 1950 (1999) by Martin Russ

The Simplest Thing

Everything in war is simple, but the simplest thing is difficult.

-- Carl von Clausewitz (1780 - 1831), Prussian general and influential military theorist, On War (1832) Book 1

Just One

There may be a hundred stances and sword positions, but you win with just one.

-- Yagyū Munenori (1571 - 1646), Japanese swordsman, founder of the Edo branch of Yagyū Shinkage-ryū school of swordsmanship, A Hereditary Book on the Art of War (1632)

War Powers Resolution

CONCURRENT RESOLUTION

Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution, to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities with Iran.

Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution (50 U.S.C. 1544(c)), Congress directs the President to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities against the Islamic Republic of Iran, other than those elements of the Armed Forces that may be necessary to defend the United States or an ally or partner of the United States from imminent attack provided that the President complies fully with the requirements of section 5(b) the War Powers Resolution (50 U.S.C. 1544(b)) with respect to any such use of the Armed Forces, unless explicitly authorized by a declaration of war or a specific congressional authorization for use of military force against Iran.

-- Text of House Concurrent Resolution 86 of the 119th Congress, as passed by the House of Representatives, 3 June 2026

What Never Can Grow

Violence can always destroy power.  Out of the barrel of a gun grows the most effective command, resulting in the most instant and perfect obedience.  What never can grow out of it is power.

-- Hannah Arendt (1906 - 1975), German and American historian and philosopher, On Violence (1970)

There Are Things

A professional soldier understands that war means killing people, war means maiming people, war means families left without fathers and mothers.

All you have to do is hold your first dying soldier in your arms, and have that terribly futile feeling that his life is flowing out and you can’t do anything about it.  Then you understand the horror of war.

Any soldier worth his salt should be anti-war.

And still there are things worth fighting for.

-- H. Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr. (1934 - 2012), also known as Stormin' Norman, US Army 4 Star General, Commander of the Coalition Forces in the Gulf War of 1991, as quoted in U.S. News & World Report, Vol. 110, Issues 5 (11 February 1991), p. 32

Easy And Safe

Every attempt to make war easy and safe will result in humiliation and disaster.

-- William Tecumseh Sherman (1820 - 1891), US Army general during the American Civil War, Memoirs of General W.T. Sherman (1875) Chapter XXV "Conclusion--Military Lessons Of The War" 

Other Side Of The Hill

All the business of war, and indeed all the business of life, is to endeavour to find out what you don't know by what you do; that's what I called "guessing what was at the other side of the hill."

-- Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1769 - 1852), British soldier and statesman, he led the victorious Anglo-Allied forces against Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo, Remarks to John Wilson Croker and Croker's wife (4 September 1852), quoted in L. J. Jennings (ed.), The Croker Papers: The Correspondence and Diaries of the Late Right Honourable John Wilson Croker, LL.D., F.R.S., Secretary to the Admiralty from 1809 to 1830, Vol. III (1884), p. 276

I Don't Doubt

"I don't doubt you're serious," he said wonderingly.  "What I doubt is your sanity."

-- Larry Niven (30 April 1938 -), American science fiction author, A Gift From Earth (1968) Chapter 14, "Balance of Power" (p. 246)

A Thin Red Line

There's only a thin red line between the sane and the mad.

-- James Jones (1921 - 1977), American author, The Thin Red Line (1962) "Old midwestern saying" created by Jones for his story, as stated in James Jones: An American Literary Orientalist Master (1998) by Steven R. Carter

Arrogance Of Power

Power tends to confuse itself with virtue and a great nation is particularly susceptible to the idea that its power is a sign of God's favor, conferring upon it a special responsibility for other nations -- to make them richer and happier and wiser, to remake them, that is, in its own shining image.  Power confuses itself with virtue and tends also to take itself for omnipotence.  Once imbued with the idea of a mission, a great nation easily assumes that it has the means as well as the duty to do God's work.

I do not think that America's greatness is questioned in the world, and I certainly do not think that strident behavior is the best way for a nation to prove its greatness.  Indeed, in nations -- as in individuals -- bellicosity is a mark of weakness and self-doubt rather than of strength and self-assurance.

-- J. William Fulbright (1905 - 1995), American politician, academic, and statesman, US Senator from Arkansas from 1945 until 1974, The Arrogance of Power (1966)

A Child's Understanding

We're marching through the world, we're cleaning out the bad guys, we're gonna have relationships with new people that will make us prosperous and safe.  I've never seen anything, anybody like it, this is Ronald Reagan plus.  Donald Trump is resetting the world in a way nobody could've dreamed of a year ago, he is the greatest commander in chief of all time, our military is the best of all time, Iran is going down, and Cuba is next.

-- Senator Lindsey Graham (R-SC), gleefully celebrating chaos on Fox News (9 March 2026), showing a child's understanding of foreign affairs

Your Marionette

Imagine you were Vladimir Putin or Xi Jinping and you woke up a year ago having magically been given command of puppet strings that control the White House.  Your explicit geopolitical goal is to undermine trust in the United States on the world stage.  You want to destroy the Western rules-based order that has preserved peace and security for 80 years, which allowed the US to triumph as an economic superpower and beacon of hope and innovation for the world.  What exactly would you do differently with your marionette other than enact the ever more reckless agenda that Donald Trump has pursued since he became president last year?

-- Garrett M. Graff (born 1981), American journalist and author, "We Are Witnessing the Self-Immolation of a Superpower" at wired.com (22 January 2026)

Dangerous For The Strong

The absence of any obstacle to the deployment of strength is dangerous for the strong themselves: passion takes precedence over reason.  "No power without limit can be legitimate," as Montesquieu wrote long ago.  Political wisdom does not consist in seeking only immediate victory, nor does it require systematic preference of "us" over "them."

-- Tzvetan Todorov (1939 - 2017), Bulgarian-French historian, philosopher, and essayist, Hope and Memory: Reflections on the Twentieth Century (2003), preface to the English edition (October 2002), p. xxi

No Stupid Rules

America, regardless of what so-called international institutions say, is unleashing the most lethal and precise air power campaign in history.  B-2s, fighters, drones, missiles, and of course classified effects.  All on our terms with maximum authorities.  No stupid rules of engagement, no nation-building quagmire, no democracy building exercise, no politically correct wars.  We fight to win, and we don't waste time or lives.

-- Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth at a press briefing on the war with Iran (2 March 2026)

In Good Conscience

Anthropic understands that the Department of War, not private companies, makes military decisions.  We have never raised objections to particular military operations nor attempted to limit use of our technology in an ad hoc manner.

However, in a narrow set of cases, we believe AI can undermine, rather than defend, democratic values.  Some uses are also simply outside the bounds of what today's technology can safely and reliably do.  Two such use cases have never been included in our contracts with the Department of War, and we believe they should not be included now:

* Mass domestic surveillance. 
* Fully autonomous weapons.

To our knowledge, these two exceptions have not been a barrier to accelerating the adoption and use of our models within our armed forces to date.

The Department of War has stated they will only contract with AI companies who accede to "any lawful use" and remove safeguards in the cases mentioned above.  They have threatened to remove us from their systems if we maintain these safeguards; they have also threatened to designate us a "supply chain risk" -- a label reserved for US adversaries, never before applied to an American company -- and to invoke the Defense Production Act to force the safeguards' removal.  These latter two threats are inherently contradictory: one labels us a security risk; the other labels Claude as essential to national security.

Regardless, these threats do not change our position: we cannot in good conscience accede to their request.

-- Dario Amodei, CEO of Anthropic, maker of the Claude AI, "Statement from Dario Amodei on our discussions with the Department of War" (26 February 2026)

Here Are The Maps

We read our mail and counted up our missions  -- 
In bombers named for girls, we burned
The cities we had learned about in school  -- 
Till our lives wore out; our bodies lay among
The people we had killed and never seen.
When we lasted long enough they gave us medals;
When we died they said, "Our casualties were low."
They said, "Here are the maps"; we burned the cities.

-- Randall Jarrell (1914 - 1965), American poet, novelist, critic, and essayist, Losses (1948) "Losses," lines 21-28